01 Painting by Orientalist Artists, with footnotes, 54

Adolf Schreyer, 1828 - 1899, GERMAN

ARAB HORSEMAN

Oil on canvas

82.5 by 68cm., 32½ by 26¾in.

Private collection

Adolf Schreyer (July 9, 1828 Frankfurt-am-Main – July 29, 1899 Kronberg im Taunus) was a German painter, associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. He studied art, first at the Städel Institute in his native town, and then at Stuttgart and Munich. He painted many of his favourite subjects in his travels in the East. He first accompanied Maximilian Karl, 6th Prince of Thurn and Taxis through Hungary, Wallachia, Russia and Turkey; then, in 1854, he followed the Austrian army across the Wallachian frontier. In 1856 he went to Egypt and Syria, and in 1861 to Algiers. In 1862 he settled in Paris, but returned to Germany in 1870; and settled at Cronberg near Frankfurt, where he died.

Schreyer was, and is still, especially esteemed as a painter of horses, of peasant life in Wallachia and Moldavia, and of battle incidents. His work is remarkable for its excellent equine draughtsmanship, and for the artist's power of observation and forceful statement; and has found particular favour among French and American collectors. Of his battle-pictures there are two at the Schwerin Gallery, and others in the collection of Count Mensdorff-Pouilly and in the Raven Gallery, Berlin.  More on Adolf Schreyer

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01 Painting by Orientalist Artist Lalla Essaydi, with footnotes, #53

Lalla Essaydi

Harem Revisited #48a, c. 2013

Chromogenic print mounted to aluminum

85 7/10 × 71 1/2 in, 217.7 × 181.6 cm

Private collection

Moroccan born photographer Lalla Essaydi explores Arab female identity by hand-painting Arabic calligraphy in henna on different surfaces such as female bodies, fabric and walls. Through her compositions, Essaydi references nineteenth century Orientalist style and rejects traditional objectified representations of Arab women. The artist critiques French painters such as Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres and Eugène Delacroix who often painted middle-eastern harems filled with eroticized Arab female bodies. Her photographs address and deconstruct the complex power structures imposed on the Arab female body by alluding to historical stereotypes. 

In her series Harem, Essaydi refers to the dangerous nature of the harem, contrasting the idealistic setting that Western artists previously depicted. The artist places her figures within the Moroccan Palace Dar El Basha and dresses them in patterns similar to the palace’s mosaics, wood carvings and stained glass. By camouflaging the women’s bodies into the background, Essaydi illustrates how women seemingly appear as another piece of décor in the room. To counter societal norms, Essaydi utilizes calligraphy and applies henna to adorn the female bodies. The text is not necessarily meant to be read or understood, but rather alludes symbolically to the restrictions faced by women in today’s societies and how they find their voice despite all imposed restrictions. Through the perspective of an Arab woman living in a Western world, Lalla Essaydi redefines Arab female identity. More on Lalla Essaydi

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01 Painting by the Orientalist Artists, with footnotes, 53

Auguste Pinchart, (1842 - 1920)

MATERNITÉ TUNISIENNE/ TUNISIAN MOTHERHOOD

Oil on canvas

27 X 35 CM (10 5/8 X 13 3/4 IN.)

Private collection

Emile Auguste Pinchart was a French painter of portraits and genre and followed the tradition of an idealised vision of life during La Belle Epoque, in the style of Tissot and his followers. His light and natural palette reflects a sentiment of delightful charm. A pupil of Gerome, he exhibited at the Salon de Paris, obtaining an honourable mention in 1883 and a third-class medal in 1884.  

Pinchart intermittently left his native France for Geneva, where he held workshops there on posters and reproductions, under the name of Atelier-Pinchart. As well as exhibiting at the Salon de Paris, he was elected a member of the Societe des Artistes Francais in 1905. More on Emile Auguste Pinchart

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01 Orientalist Painting, with footnotes, #52

Léon Cauvy, (1874 - 1933)

MARCHÉ EN ALGÉRIE/ MARKET IN ALGERIA, c. 1918

Oil on rigid cardboard

28.2 X 39.7 CM (11 1/8 X 15 5/8 IN.)

Private collection

Léon Cauvy (12 January 1874, Montpellier - 3 January 1933, Algiers) was a French Orientalist painter.

He began his studies in 1890 at the local School of Fine Arts; winning several awards for his sketches and ink wash paintings, although his interests soon turned to decorative work. Later, he went to Paris and spent some time studying with Albert Maignan at the École des Beaux-arts.

He participated in the Salon from 1901 to 1903. At the Salon of 1907, he was awarded third place. That same year, he and Paul Jouve became the first winners of the Prix Abd-el-Tif. One of the benefits of the prize was a year's stay at the Villa Abd-el-Tif in Algiers.

He was already thirty-years old and had a promising career in France, but immediately became enamored of North Africa. He exhibited fifty of his paintings at an Orientalist exhibition in Paris in 1909 and, pleased with their reception, decided to remain in Algeria. Shortly after, he became Director of the École des Beaux-arts d'Alger]; a position he held until his death.

In 1925, he was placed in charge of decorating the Algerian Pavilion at the International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts. After the exhibition, his works were moved to the "Palais d’Été"; official home and headquarters for the French admirals in Algiers.

Five years later, he designed the poster commemorating one-hundred years of French rule in Algeria. Thirty-thousand copies were made and distributed worldwide. This was followed by several more poster designs, for shipping companies in the tourist trade.

In 1932, for his last major work, he created a large canvas depicting the Ouled Naïls that was shown at the Salon of the Société des Artistes Français. Since 1990, it has been on display at the Musée des Années Trente. Overall, he concentrated on scenes of daily life as opposed to the more "exotic" aspects of Arab culture. Many of his paintings have the appearance of tapestries. More on Léon Cauvy

Please visit my other blogs: Art Collector, Mythology, Marine Art, Portrait of a Lady, The Orientalist, Art of the Nude and The Canals of Venice, Middle East Artists, and visit my Boards on Pinterest

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